Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a life-threatening event occurs when blood is clot and block thedeep veins which can lead to death when some of these thrombus which formes in deep veins escape to lung and block small veins in lung and lead to respiratory problems which lead to death.
What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), also called venous thrombosis or clot occurs when blood clot forms in a deep vein and can occur in a deep vein of arms but commonly occur in a deep vein of legs because veins are injured, or the blood is too sluggish.
Thrombus or clot (DVT) may block blood way in a deep vein .
Most deep vein thrombosis (DVT) forms in your body take place in thigh, or pelvis, but can happen in any area in your body.
what are the warning signs of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
There are warning sign can occur in the deep veins itself and pulmonary signs:
1.Warning signs occurs in a vein itself:
Swelling.
Most of patient of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) develop swelling which consider an important sign from the body to forms the thrombus (DVT).
The swell forms commonly located within a deep vein of one leg and rarely occur in both thighs, but it can occur in the both when veins in pelvis is affected.
Leg ache.
It considers the second most common of all symptoms, as it happens in 50% of all cases.
Patients suffer from medium to sever pain, but the severity isn’t not associated with the size of the blood clot (DVT) in the vein of your body.
It is caused by deep vein thrombosis or clot (DVT), which may feel a cramp or painfull leg, calf muscles or through the course of the vein in the inner thigh down to the foot.
Changes in the skin.
It appears changes in colors and hot and large swell compared to the other areas of your body.
Aches with flexion of your leg.
Some but not all cases typically feel ache when they flex there foot towards knee.
2.Warning sign of pulmonary complication.
It is important to say that about quadrant of cases with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) who forms embolism or clot in the blood circulation is death.
So for it’s dangerous complication it is important to recognize warning signs of it very quickly because it’s a medical emergency and need to therapy now.
So now we must know the warning signs which including:
1.Sudden shortness of breathing.
2.Sudden chest pain which worsens with respiration.
3.Feeling dizzy.
4.Increase in rate of pulse.
5.Develops Cough with blood.
You should know even it is mild you should seek medical advice to decide whether it is threating or not.
Is deep vein thrombosis (DVT) always threating?
Deep vein thrombosis or clot (DVT) which forms in deep vein in your thigh or pelvis can occurs within the blood and forms a embolism in a deep vein which stay inside lung and can cause death so it is a serious medical condition and require thearpy quickly as before mentioned.
How long dose deep vein thrombosis (DVT) last?
It needs about 3 to 6 months for a blood clot (DVT) to lysis.
During this period, there are certain things you can do to decrease severity of symptoms of blood thrombosis or clot on your body.
Rise your leg to reduce swell.
Ask doctor about using compression stockings which compress deep veins and prevent blood clot or thrombosis (DVT) in your body to escape.
These compress your foot up to the knee.
They create pressure and reduce swell and relieve ache.e.
what are the risk factors of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
There are somethings predisposed for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) formation in your body and include :
1.Acquired.
More than one factor can share to the of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and more than half of cases who have deep venous blood thrombosis (DVT) in veins of your body have a many acquired factors.
2.Surgeries, Trauma, and Immobilization.
Most of surgeries ,especially major orthopaedic and neurovascular surgeries associated with a significantly higher threating of deep vein blood thrombosis (DVT) in deep veins and forms PEs.
And it is commomly with patient other reasons such as old age, prior deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and medical proplems.
Prolonged surgical operations and post-surgical immobilization stay are associated with increase forms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in your body.
As well as break, is significant for formation t of thrombus (DVT) in in deep veins, due to immobilization and anatomic factor.
3.VTE.
Blood thromboembolic in deep veins is a significant factor for recurrence in patients with unprovoked deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in veins , and those with inherited reasons.
4.Malignancy.
Malignancies are associated with increase probability of blood thrombosis in veins.
Patient with malignancy, there are factors that determine the thrombogenic potential (DVT).
5.Pregnancy.
Pregnancy is factor for forms blood thrombosis in vein deep in leg, due to the increase thrombosis state as well as the obstruction of vena cave by the uterus.
6.Iatrogenic.
Vein deep in leg and other sites affected by drugs and lead to forms of thrombosis or blood clot in any vein deep in leg which lead to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in blood.
What is the aetiology deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
There are a many of reasons that contribute to take place deep vein thrombosis:
1.Surgery,especially surgery in hip or leg, or abdominal surgery.
2.History of DVT .
3.Family with a history of blood thrombosis in deep vein before.
4.Being in bed for long times such as during a long journey.
5.Blood vessel injury a damaged blood vessel can lead to formation of a blood clot.
6.Having certain condition that cause your body blood to clot in deep vein more easily than normal as cancer (including chemotherapy and radiotherapy),lung disease.
7.Overweighting.
8.pregnant woman.
blood clot forms easily during pregnancy.
The combination of contraceptive pills and hormone replacement therapy both contain the female oestrogen, which leads to blood in veins to clot more easily.
The therapy of a deep vein thrombosis in a leg or arm is based on preventing thrombosis or clot in veins from increasing in size or occurs the condition and occurrence of obstruction and lung clot in veins of the patient.
What is therapy of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ?
1.Drugs such as:
1.Anticoagulants, such as heparin, enoxaparin and warfarin which prevent thrombosis or clot.
2.clot solvents, in severe cases of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
2.instructions such as:
1.Wear elastic rubber scabs or compression socks where blood in veins returns from the foot and leg towards the heart and prevent blood in any vein to stagnant in the feet so prevent thrombosis or clot.
Catheter Therapy:
A catheter is used to find out where the clot symptoms are in the blood vein and a balloon is used to open the area of blockage as a result of thrombosis (DVT) to re-perfusion.
2.Rest and lie down with lift feet.
3.Surgical intervention, which includes either removing the blood clot (DVT) in vein from the leg, only for specific cases where the thrombosis causes a visible blockage of the bloodstream.
How to diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT)?
The initial step in diagnosing a blood clot in veins is to know the symptoms from the patient and know the history such as:
1.Family genetics from previous infections.
2.Venous thromboembolism, it forms, and its symptoms appear as mentioned before.
3.change in colour due to blood clot .
But clinical examination alone is insufficient to detection of and take the necessary therapeutic measures to therapy blood clot.
When a deep vein clot is suspected, diagnosis should be performed as soon as possible, by the following:
- Doppler inspection:
It is a coloured ultrasound that allows direct imaging of veins and clots.
- Other screenings:
Other inspection methods include a variety of examinations, such as:
X-ray.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) with Contrast injection.
How to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Prevention of deep vein clot (DVT) is the most important part of dealing with the problem.
Prevention can be achieved through the following:
1.Use blood lysis medications whether injected or tablets after consulting a doctor.
2.Use mechanical means, such as: flexible socks for compression on leg.
3.Movement as soon as possible after surgery.
4.Avoid sitting for long periods without movement.
What is difference between leg ache and blood clot (DVT)?
Some common differences between leg ache and blood clots in a vein include:
- Muscle ache spreads elsewhere, often occurring in both legs, while ache from a blood clot (DVT) in a deep vein occurs in one site.
2.The ache worsens over time, rather than gradually declining.
3.swelling under the site of pain, not around it, swelling under pain can indicate a lack of blood flow in a vein due to clot (DVT).
Is the deep venous thrombosis coming back and repeating?
Yes, you are likely to come back and repeat.
People who have had a leg stroke are more likely to repeat it if they do not follow preventive measures to avoid clots in any leg vein or if the liquidity medication is also not used to reduce the occurrence of a clot again.
A leg clot becomes a chronic that occurs again.
When should you visit a doctor?
You should visit your doctor immediately if you notice redness, severe ache, shortness of breath, or a cough with blood, especially if you have one or more reasons before in any vein.